Contents
Preface 11
Introduction 12
Chapter 1. Kinetic Theory of the State of Aggregation of a Substance 16
Ideal Gas 16
1.1.Fundamentals of the Theory 16
1.2.The Fundamental Equation of the Theory 17
1.3. Absolute Temperature Scale 18
1.4. Fundamental Gas Laws 19
1.5. Clapeyron-Mendeleev Equation 22
1.6. Velocity of Translational Motion of Ideal Gas Particles 23
Mixture of Ideal Gases 24
1.7. Ways of Expressing the Composition 24
1.8. Dalton’s Law 25
Exercises 27
Real Gases 28
1.9. Features 28
1.10. Van der Waals Equation 29
1.11. Isotherms 30
1.12. Principle of Corresponding States 32
Exercises 33
Liquids 33
1.13. Features of Structure 33
1.14. Vapour Pressure 34
1.15. Vaporization 35
1.16. Surface Energy 37
1.17. Viscosity 41
Exercises 42
Solids 42
1.18. Features of Structure 42
1.19. Crystalline State 43
1.20. Main Types of Crystal Lattices 43
1.21. Single Crystals 45
Exercises 45
